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i18n_hardcoded_string_detector_and_locale_completeness_checker.py
pythonGenerated for task: i18n-localization: Internationalization and localization patterns. Detecting hardcoded strings, mana
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i18n_hardcoded_string_detector_and_locale_completeness_checker.py
1# SKILL.md
2
3---
4name: i18n-localization
5description: Internationalization and localization patterns. Detecting hardcoded strings, managing translations, locale files, RTL support.
6allowed-tools: Read, Glob, Grep
7---
8
9# i18n & Localization
10
11> Internationalization (i18n) and Localization (L10n) best practices.
12
13---
14
15## 1. Core Concepts
16
17| Term | Meaning |
18|------|---------|
19| **i18n** | Internationalization - making app translatable |
20| **L10n** | Localization - actual translations |
21| **Locale** | Language + Region (en-US, tr-TR) |
22| **RTL** | Right-to-left languages (Arabic, Hebrew) |
23
24---
25
26## 2. When to Use i18n
27
28| Project Type | i18n Needed? |
29|--------------|--------------|
30| Public web app | ✅ Yes |
31| SaaS product | ✅ Yes |
32| Internal tool | ⚠️ Maybe |
33| Single-region app | ⚠️ Consider future |
34| Personal project | ❌ Optional |
35
36---
37
38## 3. Implementation Patterns
39
40### React (react-i18next)
41
42```tsx
43import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next';
44
45function Welcome() {
46 const { t } = useTranslation();
47 return <h1>{t('welcome.title')}</h1>;
48}
49```
50
51### Next.js (next-intl)
52
53```tsx
54import { useTranslations } from 'next-intl';
55
56export default function Page() {
57 const t = useTranslations('Home');
58 return <h1>{t('title')}</h1>;
59}
60```
61
62### Python (gettext)
63
64```python
65from gettext import gettext as _
66
67print(_("Welcome to our app"))
68```
69
70---
71
72## 4. File Structure
73
74```
75locales/
76├── en/
77│ ├── common.json
78│ ├── auth.json
79│ └── errors.json
80├── tr/
81│ ├── common.json
82│ ├── auth.json
83│ └── errors.json
84└── ar/ # RTL
85 └── ...
86```
87
88---
89
90## 5. Best Practices
91
92### DO ✅
93
94- Use translation keys, not raw text
95- Namespace translations by feature
96- Support pluralization
97- Handle date/number formats per locale
98- Plan for RTL from the start
99- Use ICU message format for complex strings
100
101### DON'T ❌
102
103- Hardcode strings in components
104- Concatenate translated strings
105- Assume text length (German is 30% longer)
106- Forget about RTL layout
107- Mix languages in same file
108
109---
110
111## 6. Common Issues
112
113| Issue | Solution |
114|-------|----------|
115| Missing translation | Fallback to default language |
116| Hardcoded strings | Use linter/checker script |
117| Date format | Use Intl.DateTimeFormat |
118| Number format | Use Intl.NumberFormat |
119| Pluralization | Use ICU message format |
120
121---
122
123## 7. RTL Support
124
125```css
126/* CSS Logical Properties */
127.container {
128 margin-inline-start: 1rem; /* Not margin-left */
129 padding-inline-end: 1rem; /* Not padding-right */
130}
131
132[dir="rtl"] .icon {
133 transform: scaleX(-1);
134}
135```
136
137---
138
139## 8. Checklist
140
141Before shipping:
142
143- [ ] All user-facing strings use translation keys
144- [ ] Locale files exist for all supported languages
145- [ ] Date/number formatting uses Intl API
146- [ ] RTL layout tested (if applicable)
147- [ ] Fallback language configured
148- [ ] No hardcoded strings in components
149
150---
151
152## Script
153
154| Script | Purpose | Command |
155|--------|---------|---------|
156| `scripts/i18n_checker.py` | Detect hardcoded strings & missing translations | `python scripts/i18n_checker.py <project_path>` |
157
158
159
160# i18n_checker.py
161
162```python
163#!/usr/bin/env python3
164"""
165i18n Checker - Detects hardcoded strings and missing translations.
166Scans for untranslated text in React, Vue, and Python files.
167"""
168import sys
169import re
170import json
171from pathlib import Path
172
173# Fix Windows console encoding for Unicode output
174try:
175 sys.stdout.reconfigure(encoding='utf-8', errors='replace')
176 sys.stderr.reconfigure(encoding='utf-8', errors='replace')
177except AttributeError:
178 pass # Python < 3.7
179
180# Patterns that indicate hardcoded strings (should be translated)
181HARDCODED_PATTERNS = {
182 'jsx': [
183 # Text directly in JSX: <div>Hello World</div>
184 r'>\s*[A-Z][a-zA-Z\s]{3,30}\s*</',
185 # JSX attribute strings: title="Welcome"
186 r'(title|placeholder|label|alt|aria-label)="[A-Z][a-zA-Z\s]{2,}"',
187 # Button/heading text
188 r'<(button|h[1-6]|p|span|label)[^>]*>\s*[A-Z][a-zA-Z\s!?.,]{3,}\s*</',
189 ],
190 'vue': [
191 # Vue template text
192 r'>\s*[A-Z][a-zA-Z\s]{3,30}\s*</',
193 r'(placeholder|label|title)="[A-Z][a-zA-Z\s]{2,}"',
194 ],
195 'python': [
196 # print/raise with string literals
197 r'(print|raise\s+\w+)\s*\(\s*["\'][A-Z][^"\']{5,}["\']',
198 # Flask flash messages
199 r'flash\s*\(\s*["\'][A-Z][^"\']{5,}["\']',
200 ]
201}
202
203# Patterns that indicate proper i18n usage
204I18N_PATTERNS = [
205 r't\(["\']', # t('key') - react-i18next
206 r'useTranslation', # React hook
207 r'\$t\(', # Vue i18n
208 r'_\(["\']', # Python gettext
209 r'gettext\(', # Python gettext
210 r'useTranslations', # next-intl
211 r'FormattedMessage', # react-intl
212 r'i18n\.', # Generic i18n
213]
214
215def find_locale_files(project_path: Path) -> list:
216 """Find translation/locale files."""
217 patterns = [
218 "**/locales/**/*.json",
219 "**/translations/**/*.json",
220 "**/lang/**/*.json",
221 "**/i18n/**/*.json",
222 "**/messages/*.json",
223 "**/*.po", # gettext
224 ]
225
226 files = []
227 for pattern in patterns:
228 files.extend(project_path.glob(pattern))
229
230 return [f for f in files if 'node_modules' not in str(f)]
231
232def check_locale_completeness(locale_files: list) -> dict:
233 """Check if all locales have the same keys."""
234 issues = []
235 passed = []
236
237 if not locale_files:
238 return {'passed': [], 'issues': ["[!] No locale files found"]}
239
240 # Group by parent folder (language)
241 locales = {}
242 for f in locale_files:
243 if f.suffix == '.json':
244 try:
245 lang = f.parent.name
246 content = json.loads(f.read_text(encoding='utf-8'))
247 if lang not in locales:
248 locales[lang] = {}
249 locales[lang][f.stem] = set(flatten_keys(content))
250 except:
251 continue
252
253 if len(locales) < 2:
254 passed.append(f"[OK] Found {len(locale_files)} locale file(s)")
255 return {'passed': passed, 'issues': issues}
256
257 passed.append(f"[OK] Found {len(locales)} language(s): {', '.join(locales.keys())}")
258
259 # Compare keys across locales
260 all_langs = list(locales.keys())
261 base_lang = all_langs[0]
262
263 for namespace in locales.get(base_lang, {}):
264 base_keys = locales[base_lang].get(namespace, set())
265
266 for lang in all_langs[1:]:
267 other_keys = locales.get(lang, {}).get(namespace, set())
268
269 missing = base_keys - other_keys
270 if missing:
271 issues.append(f"[X] {lang}/{namespace}: Missing {len(missing)} keys")
272
273 extra = other_keys - base_keys
274 if extra:
275 issues.append(f"[!] {lang}/{namespace}: {len(extra)} extra keys")
276
277 if not issues:
278 passed.append("[OK] All locales have matching keys")
279
280 return {'passed': passed, 'issues': issues}
281
282def flatten_keys(d, prefix=''):
283 """Flatten nested dict keys."""
284 keys = set()
285 for k, v in d.items():
286 new_key = f"{prefix}.{k}" if prefix else k
287 if isinstance(v, dict):
288 keys.update(flatten_keys(v, new_key))
289 else:
290 keys.add(new_key)
291 return keys
292
293def check_hardcoded_strings(project_path: Path) -> dict:
294 """Check for hardcoded strings in code files."""
295 issues = []
296 passed = []
297
298 # Find code files
299 extensions = {
300 '.tsx': 'jsx', '.jsx': 'jsx', '.ts': 'jsx', '.js': 'jsx',
301 '.vue': 'vue',
302 '.py': 'python'
303 }
304
305 code_files = []
306 for ext in extensions:
307 code_files.extend(project_path.rglob(f"*{ext}"))
308
309 code_files = [f for f in code_files if not any(x in str(f) for x in
310 ['node_modules', '.git', 'dist', 'build', '__pycache__', 'venv', 'test', 'spec'])]
311
312 if not code_files:
313 return {'passed': ["[!] No code files found"], 'issues': []}
314
315 files_with_i18n = 0
316 files_with_hardcoded = 0
317 hardcoded_examples = []
318
319 for file_path in code_files[:50]: # Limit
320 try:
321 content = file_path.read_text(encoding='utf-8', errors='ignore')
322 ext = file_path.suffix
323 file_type = extensions.get(ext, 'jsx')
324
325 # Check for i18n usage
326 has_i18n = any(re.search(p, content) for p in I18N_PATTERNS)
327 if has_i18n:
328 files_with_i18n += 1
329
330 # Check for hardcoded strings
331 patterns = HARDCODED_PATTERNS.get(file_type, [])
332 hardcoded_found = False
333
334 for pattern in patterns:
335 matches = re.findall(pattern, content)
336 if matches and not has_i18n:
337 hardcoded_found = True
338 if len(hardcoded_examples) < 5:
339 hardcoded_examples.append(f"{file_path.name}: {str(matches[0])[:40]}...")
340
341 if hardcoded_found:
342 files_with_hardcoded += 1
343
344 except:
345 continue
346
347 passed.append(f"[OK] Analyzed {len(code_files)} code files")
348
349 if files_with_i18n > 0:
350 passed.append(f"[OK] {files_with_i18n} files use i18n")
351
352 if files_with_hardcoded > 0:
353 issues.append(f"[X] {files_with_hardcoded} files may have hardcoded strings")
354 for ex in hardcoded_examples:
355 issues.append(f" → {ex}")
356 else:
357 passed.append("[OK] No obvious hardcoded strings detected")
358
359 return {'passed': passed, 'issues': issues}
360
361def main():
362 target = sys.argv[1] if len(sys.argv) > 1 else "."
363 project_path = Path(target)
364
365 print("\n" + "=" * 60)
366 print(" i18n CHECKER - Internationalization Audit")
367 print("=" * 60 + "\n")
368
369 # Check locale files
370 locale_files = find_locale_files(project_path)
371 locale_result = check_locale_completeness(locale_files)
372
373 # Check hardcoded strings
374 code_result = check_hardcoded_strings(project_path)
375
376 # Print results
377 print("[LOCALE FILES]")
378 print("-" * 40)
379 for item in locale_result['passed']:
380 print(f" {item}")
381 for item in locale_result['issues']:
382 print(f" {item}")
383
384 print("\n[CODE ANALYSIS]")
385 print("-" * 40)
386 for item in code_result['passed']:
387 print(f" {item}")
388 for item in code_result['issues']:
389 print(f" {item}")
390
391 # Summary
392 critical_issues = sum(1 for i in locale_result['issues'] + code_result['issues'] if i.startswith("[X]"))
393
394 print("\n" + "=" * 60)
395 if critical_issues == 0:
396 print("[OK] i18n CHECK: PASSED")
397 sys.exit(0)
398 else:
399 print(f"[X] i18n CHECK: {critical_issues} issues found")
400 sys.exit(1)
401
402if __name__ == "__main__":
403 main()
404
405```